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Showing posts from May, 2022

What is Gun Cotton? How is it different from Black Gun Powder?

  Nitrocellulose (also known as cellulose nitrate, flash paper, flash cotton, guncotton, pyroxylin, and flash string, depending on form) is a highly flammable compound formed by nitrating cellulose through exposure to a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. One of its first major uses was as guncotton, a replacement for gunpowder as a propellant in firearms. Guncotton was actually developed as a “Smokeless Gun Powder”, Essentially, the main difference between Black Gun Powder and Smokeless Gun Powder is that you need almost zero incombustible components. The key problem with black powder was that it produced a cloud of smoke, not only from Un combusted carbon but also, unavoidably, from ash, the salts formed from whatever anion happened to latch on to the sodium or potassium cations present from the nitrates in black powders. Black powder ash contains a high proportion of potassium or sodium sulfates and carbonates, and because the inorganic saltpeter component was about 2/3 of...

What is an Equinox? What's the Difference between a Solstice and an Equinox?

  Equinox is a date when the duration of the day is equal to the duration of the night. The Sun will pass directly above the equator, bringing nearly equal amounts of day and night to all parts of Earth. At the equator, an equinox results in about 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of the night. Equinox means "equal night" in Latin. Solstice, is an event that occurs twice a year, where the Sun appears to reach it's northernmost or farthest point from an observer on earth or southernmost or the closest point from an observer on earth.  An equinox occurs midway between the two solstices, due to the position of the sun, solstices are dates when the duration of the day is least equal to the duration of the night.  The Summer Solstice is the longest day of the year and happens around 21 December in the Southern Hemisphere and 21 June in the Northern Hemisphere. The Winter Solstice is the shortest day of the year and happens around 21 June in the Southern Hemisphere and 21 Decem...